Nano- and Microstructured Copper/Copper Oxide Composites on Laser-Induced Carbon for Enzyme-Free Glucose Sensors

Low-cost enzyme-free glucose sensors with partial flexibility adaptable for wearable Internet of Things devices that can be envisioned as personalized point-of-care were produced by electroplating copper on locally carbonized flexible meta-polyaramid (Nomex) sheets using laser radiation. Freestanding films annealed in nitrogen and nitrogen/air working environments, leading to the formation Cu microspheroids CuO urchins dispersed substrate film. The aggregation mechanism, crystallographic properties, surface chemistry, electrochemical properties studied scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, transmission photoelectron spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry. attained activity detection showed improvement amperometric sensitivity 0.25 0.32 mA cm–2 mM–1, respectively. urchin film retained its chemical composition after testing, and, rinsing, allowed multiple repetitions reproducible results. This study opens possibility fabrication durable composite biosensors tailored shape, capable implementation carriers, microfluidic systems.